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Supreme Court of India 2021-08-06

Amazon.com NV Investment Holdings LLC vs Future Retail Limited & Ors

Bench: 2 — R.F. Nariman

In Brief

Amazon invested in Future Retail Limited indirectly through an agreement restricting its sale of retail assets to specified parties (\"restricted persons\"), which included the Reliance group. When Future announced a transaction with Reliance, Amazon invoked emergency arbitration under SIAC Rules, obtaining an interim award restraining the transaction. Future ignored the award and sought court intervention to challenge it as invalid. Amazon then filed an enforcement application under Section 17(2) of the Arbitration Act. The Supreme Court held: (1) Emergency Arbitrator awards are enforceable under Section 17(1) as the Arbitration Act respects party autonomy in adopting institutional rules providing for Emergency Arbitrators; (2) no appeal lies against enforcement orders under Section 17(2) as Section 37 is an exhaustive appeals code limited to interim relief under Section 17(1), not enforcement proceedings; and (3) the legal fiction of Section 17(2) deeming orders as court orders applies only to enforcement, not to appellability.", <parameter name="cited_cases">[{"raw_citation": "(2014) 11 SCC 560", "case_name": "Antrix Corporation Ltd. v. Devas Multimedia Pvt. Ltd.", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2016) 4 SCC 126", "case_name": "Bharat Aluminium Co. v. Kaiser Aluminium Technical Services Inc.", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1998) 1 SCC 305", "case_name": "Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd. v. ONGC Ltd.", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2014) 7 SCC 603", "case_name": "Reliance Industries Ltd. v. Union of India", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2017) 2 SCC 228", "case_name": "Centrotrade Minerals & Metal Inc. v. Hindustan Copper Ltd.", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2021 SCC OnLine SC 331", "case_name": "PASL Wind Solutions Pvt. Ltd. v. GE Power Conversion India Pvt. Ltd.", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2021 SCC OnLine SC 473", "case_name": "National Highways Authority of India v. M. Hakeem", "paragraph": "7.1", "treatment": "distinguished", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2007) 7 SCC 125", "case_name": "Adhunik Steels Ltd. v. Orissa Manganese and Minerals (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "46", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2004) 3 SCC 155", "case_name": "Firm Ashok Traders v. Gurumukh Das Saluja", "paragraph": "21", "treatment": "distinguished", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1999) 9 SCC 334", "case_name": "Thyssen Stahlunion Gmbh v. Steel Authority of India Ltd.", "paragraph": "52", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2018) 6 SCC 287", "case_name": "BCCI v. Kochi Cricket (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "52", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2020 SCC OnLine SC 707", "case_name": "Bandekar Brothers Pvt. Ltd. v. Prasad Vassudev Keni", "paragraph": "51", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "AIR 1968 Mad. 79", "case_name": "State Wakf Board, Madras v. Abdul Azeez Sahib", "paragraph": "51", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1995) 2 SCC 665", "case_name": "Mansukhlal Dhanraj Jain v. Eknath Vithal Ogale", "paragraph": "51", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1987) 2 SCC 707", "case_name": "Shri Balaganesan Metals v. M.N. Shanmugham Chetty", "paragraph": "53", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1994) 1 SCC 243", "case_name": "Lucknow Development Authority v. M.K. Gupta", "paragraph": "53", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1996) 8 SCC 540", "case_name": "Union of India v. A.B. Shah", "paragraph": "53", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2006) 13 SCC 322", "case_name": "Paramjeet Singh Patheja v. ICDS Ltd.", "paragraph": "57", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2013) 5 SCC 470", "case_name": "Rajasthan State Industrial Development & Investment Corporation v. Diamond & Gem Development Corporation Ltd.", "paragraph": "58", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "1952 AC 109", "case_name": "East End Dwellings Co. Ltd. v. Finsbury Borough Council", "paragraph": "58", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1980) 4 SCC 341", "case_name": "Industrial Supplies (P) Ltd. v. Union of India", "paragraph": "58", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2020) 10 SCC 1", "case_name": "Union of India v. Vedanta Ltd.", "paragraph": "60", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2016) 11 SCC 313", "case_name": "Umesh Goel v. H.P. Coop. Group Housing Society Ltd.", "paragraph": "60", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2018) 3 SCC 622", "case_name": "Sundaram Finance Ltd. v. Abdul Samad", "paragraph": "60", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2009) 5 SCC 665", "case_name": "Food Corporation of India v. Sukh Deo Prasad", "paragraph": "49", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2019) 20 SCC 666", "case_name": "U.C. Surendranath v. Mambally's Bakery", "paragraph": "49", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2009 SCC OnLine Del 511", "case_name": "Daelim Industrial Co. Ltd. v. Numaligarh Refinery Ltd.", "paragraph": "65", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2017) 8 SCC 116", "case_name": "Punjab State Civil Supplies Corporation Ltd. v. Atwal Rice & General Mills", "paragraph": "68", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2019 SCC OnLine Bom 1521", "case_name": "Kakade Construction Co. Ltd. v. Vistra ITCL", "paragraph": "4", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2012 (2) AIR Bom 855", "case_name": "Jet Airways (India) Ltd. v. Subrata Roy Sahara", "paragraph": "8", "treatment": "distinguished", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2018) 14 SCC 715", "case_name": "Kandla Export Corporation v. OCI Corporation", "paragraph": "70", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2011) 8 SCC 333", "case_name": "Fuerst Day Lawson Ltd. v. Jindal Exports Ltd.", "paragraph": "70", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2008) 4 SCC 91", "case_name": "Sumitomo Corpn. v. CDC Financial Services (Mauritius) Ltd.", "paragraph": "70", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2020) 15 SCC 706", "case_name": "Deep Industries Ltd. v. ONGC", "paragraph": "71", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2020) 2 SCC 111", "case_name": "Union of India v. Varindera Constructions Ltd.", "paragraph": "71", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2020) 4 SCC 234", "case_name": "BGS SGS SOMA JV v. NHPC", "paragraph": "72", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2018 SCC OnLine P&H 1304", "case_name": "NHPC Ltd. v. Jaiparkash Associates Ltd.", "paragraph": "72", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2021) 4 SCC 602", "case_name": "Chintels (India) Ltd. v. Bhayana Builders (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "75", "treatment": "distinguished", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2010) 12 SCC 210", "case_name": "State of H.P. v. Himachal Techno Engineers", "paragraph": "75", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2021) 4 SCC 713", "case_name": "Avitel Post Studioz Ltd. & Ors. v. HSBC PI Holdings (Mauritius) Ltd.", "paragraph": "27", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2010) 1 SCC 72", "case_name": "N. Radhakrishnan v. Maestro Engineers", "paragraph": "27", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "1985 AC 104", "case_name": "President of India v. La Pintada Compania Navegacion SA", "paragraph": "27", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "1972 AC 877", "case_name": "British Railways Board v. Herrington", "paragraph": "27", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2011) 3 SCC 363", "case_name": "Krishnadevi Malchand Kamathia v. Bombay Environmental Action Group", "paragraph": "39", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2016) 9 SCC 44", "case_name": "Anita International v. Tungabadra Sugar Works Mazdoor Sangh", "paragraph": "39", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1997) 3 SCC 443", "case_name": "Tayabbhai M. Bagasarwalla v. Hind Rubber Industries (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "39", "treatment": "relied", "treatment_by": "this_court", "treatment_quote": "The next thing to be noticed is that certain interim orders were asked for and were granted by the Civil Court during this period. Would it be right to say that violation of and disobedience to the said orders of injunction is not punishable because it has been found later that the Civil Court had no jurisdiction to entertain the suit."}, {"raw_citation": "(1955) 1 SCR 117", "case_name": "Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan", "paragraph": "40", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2004) 4 SCC 597", "case_name": "CIT v. Pearl Mechanical Engineering & Foundry Works (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "40", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2019) SCC Online Delhi 11863", "case_name": "South Delhi Municipal Corporation v. Tech Mahindra", "paragraph": "3", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2016 SCC OnLine Del 5521", "case_name": "Raffles Design International India Pvt. Ltd. v. Educomp Professional Education Ltd.", "paragraph": "29", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1976) 4 SCC 634", "case_name": "Kerala SEB v. T.P. Kunhaliumma", "paragraph": "60", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2009 SCC OnLine Del 2472", "case_name": "Sri Krishan v. Anand", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2004) 9 SCC 619", "case_name": "Army Welfare Housing Organisation v. Sumangal Services (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2009) 112 DRJ 657", "case_name": "Sri Krishan v. Anand", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2009) 3 Arb LR 447", "case_name": "Sri Krishan v. Anand", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2009 SCC OnLine Del 2458", "case_name": "Indiabulls Financial Services Ltd. v. Jubilee Plots & Housing (P) Ltd.", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(1999) 2 SCC 479", "case_name": "Sundaram Finance Ltd. v. NEPC India Ltd.", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2017) 16 SCC 119", "case_name": "Alka Chandewar v. Shamshul Ishrar Khan", "paragraph": "55", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2018 SCC OnLine Bom 216", "case_name": "Gemini Bay Transcription Pvt. Ltd. v. Integrated Sales Service Ltd.", "paragraph": "67", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "AIR 2018 Bom 89", "case_name": "Gemini Bay Transcription Pvt. Ltd. v. Integrated Sales Service Ltd.", "paragraph": "67", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "2018 SCC OnLine Bom 13061", "case_name": "Global Asia Venture Co. v. Arup Parimal Deb", "paragraph": "67", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2015) 3 SCC 49", "case_name": "Associate Builders v. DDA", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}, {"raw_citation": "(2015) 2 SCC (Civ) 204", "case_name": "Associate Builders v. DDA", "paragraph": "14", "treatment": "referred", "treatment_by": "this_court"}]

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