Breaking Supreme Court Legal Update
New Delhi · Friday, 31 July 2026 9888666310 | [email protected]
Free Law — free judgments and free headnotes Free Lawby De Jure
Supreme Court of India 2024-09-04 dismissed

NITYA NAND vs STATE OF U.P. & ANR

Bench: 2 — Abhay S. Oka, Ujjal Bhuyan

In Brief

The appellant was convicted of murder under Sections 148 and 302/149 IPC as a member of an unlawful assembly that killed Satya Narain in 1992. Though the appellant did not directly inflict injuries—only firing a pistol in the air to help others escape—he was held liable under Section 149, which creates vicarious liability for all assembly members for crimes committed in pursuit of their common object. The Supreme Court upheld the conviction, holding that membership in the unlawful assembly, not direct participation, suffices for conviction under Section 149, and that the absence of recovered weapons does not defeat liability when vicarious liability applies.

The lawyer headnote and full judgment text are available to registered users.

Criminal Law Unlawful Assembly Murder Vicarious Liability Section 149 IPC Evidence

Read the full judgment & headnote. It's free.

Register to read the complete Supreme Court judgment text and the headnote, and to search 1 lakh+ Supreme Court judgments by meaning. It is a free service.

Register Free Login